Everything about Louis De Luxembourg Count Of Saint-pol totally explained
Louis de Luxembourg, Count of Saint-Pol (
1418 –
12 December 1475) belonged to the Ligny branch of the
House of Luxemburg and was
Constable of France.
Saint-Pol was the eldest son of
Peter of Luxembourg and Margueritte des Baux. His older sister Jacqueline, better known as
Jacquetta of Luxembourg, married
John of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Bedford, and Louis was initially a supporter of the
Lancastrian cause in the
Hundred Years' War.
He was brought up by his uncle,
John II of Luxembourg, Count of Ligny, who named Louis as heir to his estates. However, King
Charles VII of France sequestrated the estates on John's death in 1441. As a result, Saint-Pol sought a rapprochement with the French king and duly had his inheritance restored to him. However, the county of
Guise was claimed by
Charles, Count of Maine. The affair was settled by an agreement that Saint-Pol's sister Isabelle would marry the Count of Maine and receive the disputed lands as her
dowry.
Saint-Pol became a close friend of the
Dauphin Louis, the future King
Louis XI of France and fought with him in
Flanders and in
Normandy. However, in 1465 Saint-Pol broke with his friend, now King, to join with
Charles, Count of Charolais, the King's brother,
Charles, Duke of Berry, and many other great noblemen, in the
League of the Public Weal and the war that followed. In the
Treaty of Conflans which ended the war, Saint-Pol was appointed Constable of France and received the hand of the King's sister-in-law, Maria of Savoy.
After this, he was persistently disloyal to the King, conspiring with Charles, Count of Charolais, and with
Edward IV of England, his nephew by marriage. The final treason came in 1474 when Saint-Pol approached
Charles the Bold,
Duke of Burgundy, who had already entered into a compact with Edward IV of England to dismember France in a renewal of the Hundred Years War. The scheme envisaged the murder of Louis and the sub-division of France between Saint-Pol, the Dukes of Burgundy, Brittany, Bourbon and Namours, the
Count of Maine and King Edward. Saint-Pol then proceeded to draw other magnates into the conspiracy.
The whole thing started to unravel after Louis and Edward concluded the
Treaty of Picquigny in August 1475. Angered by this, Saint-Pol was imprudent enough to write to Edward, upbraiding him as a "cowardly, dishonoured and beggarly king". Edward promptly forwarded the letter to Louis, who now had all the proof he needed. A messenger was sent to the conspirator, in which he was informed that the King had 'need of a head such as his.' He was arrested in September 1475, and later imprisoned in the
Bastille. Execution followed in December.
Philippe de Commynes, the chief chronicler of Louis' reign, was to write that Saint-Pol had been "abandoned by God because he'd tried with all his might to prolong the hostilities between the King and the Duke of Burgunday."
Louis de Luxembourg married twice, first to
Jeanne de Marle, Countess of Marle and Soissons (died 1462), and secondly to
Maria of Savoy. He left at least nine legitimate children.
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